What Happens If You Ignore a Cavity?
A tiny cavity may not feel like a big deal — especially if there’s no pain yet. But that little spot of decay won’t stay little for long. Cavities grow quietly, and by the time they start hurting, damage is already far along. Taking care of decay early is the easiest (and cheapest) way to protect your teeth.
How cavities start
Plaque forms on your teeth every day. When bacteria feed on sugars, they produce acids that attack your enamel. Over time, that acid causes a small hole — a cavity. Early stage decay is painless, which is why people often ignore it. But here’s what happens next…
The cavity timeline: from simple fix to serious problem
1. Early decay, easy fix!
A quick filling does the job. No pain, no stress.
2. Decay reaches deeper layers
Sensitivity to sweets or cold, possible discomfort. Treatment may include a larger filling or an inlay/onlay.
3. Decay reaches the nerve
Severe pain, infection, swelling. A root canal is now required to save the tooth.
4. Tooth becomes severely damaged
The tooth may need extraction, then a replacement such as a bridge or implant.
The longer you wait, the more complex and costly the treatment becomes — sometimes up to 10× more.
Warning signs of tooth decay
Even before pain starts, look out for:
- Dark spots or holes on teeth
- Rough or chipped enamel
- Food getting stuck more often
- Bad breath that won’t go away
- Sensitivity to cold or sweets
If you notice any of these, it’s probably time for a dental visit.
Can cavities heal on their own?
No. Once a cavity forms, it will continue to grow until treated professionally. Fluoride can help strengthen enamel and prevent new cavities, but it can’t reverse existing ones. Prevention is always better than cure.
Simple, regular habits that protect your teeth
- Brush twice a day with fluoride toothpaste
- Floss daily (your gums will thank you!)
- Limit sugary snacks and drinks, and rinse with water after
- Visit your dentist every 6 months for check-ups and cleanings
The bottom line
Cavities don’t get better with time — they get bigger, deeper, and more painful. Early treatment protects your smile and saves you money.